Before Porges’ (2011) polyvagal theory became widely known, it was commonly thought that the autonomous nervous system has only two branches: the sympathetic system which manages in times of stress, ...

Add Yahoo as a preferred source to see more of our stories on Google. Most of us know about the “fight or flight” response, the body’s built-in survival instinct. But that framework leaves out two ...

Fight or flight are not the only common responses to a traumatic event. I addressed this a bit in a column published on November 22, 2022 explaining that some authors describe “4 F’s”: fight, flight, ...

Janet Bayramyan, LCSW, is a psychotherapist and owner of Road to Wellness. She has more than eight years of experience as a trauma therapist and is licensed in California, Florida, South Carolina, ...

While it is deeply painful to see so many counts of sexual assault in the news, it is even more painful to see how many blog commenters say things like “I don’t get it, why didn’t she just leave?” or ...